Vesugen—also written Vezugen and standardized here as KED for its sequence Lys–Glu–Asp—is a synthetic tripeptide “bioregulator” studied for vascular endothelium and neuroplasticity outcomes in preclinical models. It appears to act via epigenetic regulation of gene expression (DNA/histone interactions) with downstream effects reported for endothelin‑1 (EDN1), connexins (e.g., GJA1/Cx43), and SIRT1 in vascular cells, and markers…

Livagen is a short “bioregulatory” peptide (sequence: Lys–Glu–Asp–Ala; alias KEDA) studied for its ability to loosen age‑condensed chromatin and normalize gene activity in older cells. In human lympho